3月25日，在亚洲青年领袖论坛健康与医疗主题论坛平行对话中，柏视医疗总裁兼联席董事长徐晨阳发表了自己的观点。

摘录如下：

谈科技发展和健康医疗之间的关系以及科技创新如何真正助力医疗健康的发展

在过去20多年，欧美用所谓的21世纪医学——介入影像、影像引导、医疗机器人、微缩技术，可以非常好地把患者和病人从死亡线拉回来。比如心脏支架，没有心脏支架很多病人会死亡。2000年，我在西门子美国研究院和强生做了房颤消融，用三维影像引导，房颤是中风首要的杀伤，也是个老年病。有了消融，就不需要做开心手术，几个小时就可以结束，患者就可以回到正常生活中。到后来，精准放疗，可以把很多癌症杀死，和一些基因药、靶向药、手术相结合，把癌症病人从死亡线上拉回来，这种例子非常多。现在还有很多微创的医疗机器人，微创的手术或者微缩的手术可以让病人得到缓解。所以，科技不断在驱动人类生命健康的前进和医疗事业的发展。

谈ChatGPT这类突破性的人工智能技术在医疗健康领域的应用及其与医疗健康之间的结合点

ChatGPT也好，GPT3.5、4.0等等，日新月异，非常强大，实际上是一个指数性的技术。在颠覆式创新和突破性技术上讲，指数和线性是非常不一样的，比如100步可以从后面会议厅走到这里，但是100步的指数可以从这里走到月球。这就是为什么人的线性大脑在几百万年发展只是一个线性大脑，很容易低估指数性技术。我们一开始会高估，到之后会低估。

ChatGPT也好，GPT4.0也好，我相信之后会有很大的发展，但是在医疗里面发展会跟在普通领域不一样。医疗是人命关天，有很多监管需要突破。医疗在很多垂直行业新技术渗透是最慢的，虽然最慢，但是我们也在跟死亡、跟疾病在搏斗。举一个例子，我现在柏视医疗用人工智能做癌症的治疗端，比如精准的微创介入、精准的放疗。每年全球死1000万癌症病人，新冠到现在三年也只有690万。如果从十年角度看，会达到1亿，超过第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战死的人。我们是在跟生命赛跑，一方面要尊重医疗各种管控，但同时如何把新技术渗透到医疗各方面，我认为有三点。

第一点，新一代人工智能会展现出完全不一样的医疗，就是预测性医疗。可以通过大数据，通过深度学习挖掘各种各样的信息、基因、医疗、影像等等，可以在病还没有发生或者早期能够预测到有问题，进行介入。第二个是分布式医疗，通过各种各样的技术，不光是人工智能，还有5G、远程，可以把医疗在不同的时间、不同的地点给病人最好的治疗。第三个是无缝医疗。这一点是非常难的。医疗系统在全球有很多的浪费。根据调查，在亚洲、美国、欧洲是10—30%的浪费。通过这些新的技术尤其是像GPT，可以打通以前医疗很多的孤岛，能够真正实现从医院为中心的医疗转化到以患者为中心的医疗，这是一个未来的场景转化，所以这个应用场景非常多。

谈在当前复杂的国际环境下怎样更有效地开展国际医疗合作

我自己本身是约翰 .霍布金斯的生物医疗工程系的顾问董事，也负责和亚太包括中国的一些合作。虽然整个全世界关系在重塑，政治关系、地缘关系，但是在机构和次国家层面，全球还是有很多合作的，尤其是在癌症的治疗，从诊断、筛查到治疗。这是大家共同关心的一个问题，我们跟死神在赛跑。刚才提到了未来这十年会有1亿人死于癌症，该怎么把他们从死亡线上拉回来？

我为什么现在全身回到广州在柏视医疗？在用人工智能帮助精准的微创介入、放疗等方面，全世界在同一个起跑线上，三年前我们都拿到了证。我们现在已经率先以广州为据点，在全中国辅助治疗了20万癌症病人。我们的小目标是在未来三年达到100万。回到1个亿，这只有1%，但是纵观整个亚洲青年和整个亚洲，如果有成百上千上万像我们这样的公司一起做这件事，中国有句老话：“众人拾柴火焰高。”如果我们在未来的十年能够有100%的覆盖率，对癌症诊断、治疗提高，我们能够从死神线挽回多少病人？这是我们亚洲青年领袖论坛的重要性。

最后我要提一点，论坛提到的开放创新，我觉得还有一个模式特别好，现在中国清华大学五道口金融学院和医学院全权合作，成立健康中国产业领袖班，产业领袖在一年里面在一起学习，不管从投资、产业等各方面来讲，会形成更紧密的关系，会达到很好的提升。

用一句话总结对医疗健康领域未来发展的最大期待

Xu Chenyang discusses breakthrough AI technologies’ application in health care

On 25 March, Xu Chenyang, president & co-chairperson of PVmed, shared his thoughts at the Health and Medical Care Forum of the Asia Youth Leaders Forum. Following is an excerpt from his speech.

Question: What is the relationship between scientific and technological development and health care? How is scientific and technological development empowering the development of health care?

For the past 20 years, Europe and the US, with the so-called 21st-century medicine, such as interventional imaging, image-guided therapy, medical robotics, and micro-scale technologies can effectively save patients from death. Heart stenting is such an example. Without it, many patients will die. Back in 2000, I was working at Siemens Corporate Research. With Johnson & Johnson, we worked on AF ablation, using 3D imaging to guide the ablation procedure. Atrial fibrillation is the main cause for strokes. It is an old-age disease as well. With ablation, there is no need for the open-heart surgery. It only takes several hours. After that, patients can go about their business. Later there was precise radiation therapy, which can kill many types of cancer cells. The combination of genomic medicine, targeted drugs, and surgeries can save cancer patients from death. There are plenty of such examples. Now there also emerge robotic surgeries, minimally invasive surgeries, and microsurgeries to alleviate patients' pain. Therefore, science and technology is constantly advancing humanity's pursuit for health and life and the development of health care.

Question: Will breakthrough technologies like ChatGPT be applied soon in health care? What will be their feasibility in health care?

As for ChatGPT, whether it's GPT3.5 or 4.0, it's changing daily and has become very powerful. This is actually an exponential technology. From the perspective of disruptive innovation or breakthrough technologies, exponentiality and linearity has huge difference. For instance, with 100 steps, we can walk from the back of this room to the stage. But exponentially we can walk to the moon. This is why the human brain, after millions of years' development, is still linear. We are prone to underestimate exponential technologies. At the beginning we overestimate, but later we underestimate.

Speaking of ChatGPT and GPT4.0, I believe it will see huge development this year. But its development in medicine will be different than other sectors. Medicine is a matter of life and death. There are many regulatory issues. Medicine, among so many vertical markets, is the slowest to see the penetration of new technologies. Although it is the slowest, we are still fighting against death and wrestling with diseases. Take this as an example. I am now with PVmed. We are woking on cancer treatment with AI, such as precise and minimally invasive intervention and precise radiation therapy. Do you know how many people die from cancer each year? 10 million patients. The number of deaths from COVID for the past three years was 6.9 million. If we look at cancer deaths in a span of 10 years, the number will reach 100 million, more than the deaths during the two world wars. We are racing with death. On one hand, we need to respect various medical regulations. On the other, we need to consider how to apply new technologies to health care. I think there are three solutions.

Question: Against the current complex international developments, how do we carry international medical cooperation more effectively?

I am a member on the Advisory Board of Johns Hopkins Department of Biomedical Engineering, in charge of cooperation with the Asia-Pacific, including China. Although international relations – geopolitical relations – are reshaping, actually there is still plenty of cooperation on institutional and sub-national level, especially in cancer therapy, from diagnosis and screening to treatment. This is an issue of common concern. We are racing with death. I mentioned earlier 100 million people will die from cancers. It is a matter of saving them from death. 

Why did I come back to work in PVmed in Guangzhou? In terms of using AI to assist in precise and minimally invasive intervention and radiation therapy, the whole world is on the same starting position. Three years ago, we all got the license. Up to now, with our base in Guangzhou, we have helped treat 200,000 cancer patients nationwide. Our goal is to increase the number to 1 million in the next three years. Back to the 100 million figure, this is only 1%. But take a look at our Asian youth and the whole of Asia. Imagine there are hundreds or thousands of companies like us doing the same thing. There is an old Chinese saying, "The flame runs high if everyone adds wood to it." If, in the next years, we can reach the 100% coverage and improve cancer diagnosis and treatment, imagine how many patients we can save from death. This reflects the importance of the Asia Youth Leaders Forum.

I wish to make one last point. This kind of forum and open and innovation, mentioned earlier, is very good, and there is another model that is equally good. In Tsinghua University, the PBC School of Finance has partnered with the School of Medicine and launched the Healthy China Industry Leader project. These industry leaders study together for a year. From the perspective of investment, industry, or other aspects, they will develop a closer relationship and achieve considerable improvement.

Question: Please summarize your biggest expectation for the future of the healthcare sector with one sentence.